Attributional inference across cultures: similar automatic attributions and different controlled corrections.
نویسندگان
چکیده
Five studies examined the automatic and controlled components of attributional inference in U.S. and East Asian (EA) samples. Studies 1 through 3 used variations of the "anxious woman" paradigm, manipulating the inferential goal (dispositional or situational) and the normative impact of situational constraint information (discounting or augmenting). In each study, U.S. and EA participants under cognitive load produced strong automatic attributions to the focus of their inferential goal (dispositional or situational). Compared with the U.S. cognitive load participants, U.S. no load participants corrected their attributions according to the normative rules of inference. In contrast, EA no load participants corrected in the direction of situational causality, even when the specific content of the situational information provided should have promoted stronger dispositional inferences. Studies 4 and 5 examined and ruled out alternative accounts. Results are discussed in terms of a situational causality heuristic present in EA individuals.
منابع مشابه
Revisiting the relationship between attributional style and academic performance
Previous research into the relationship between attributions and academic performance has produced contradictory findings that have not been resolved. The present research examines the role of specific dimensions of attributional style in predicting subsequent academic performance in a sample of pupils (N = 979) from both high- and low-achieving schools. Hierarchical regression and moderation a...
متن کاملDelusional discourse: an investigation comparing the spontaneous causal attributions of paranoid and non-paranoid individuals.
Research into the nature of attributional reasoning in paranoia has for the most part been restricted to questionnaire-based approaches. This fails to address the issue of whether a distinctive attributional style underpins the everyday talk of paranoid individuals. This study aimed to investigate whether attributional models of paranoid delusions applied to spontaneous attributions generated i...
متن کاملPersonalizing and externalizing biases in deluded and depressed patients: are attributional biases a stable and specific characteristic of delusions?
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to explore whether explicit and implicit attributional styles of delusional patients were associated to their clinical state, and whether attributions biases are specific to delusional psychopathology or also appear in other disorders (i.e. depression). DESIGN AND METHODS A cross-sectional design was used. The sample consisted of 136 participants (40 a...
متن کاملImproving the Performance of Failing Students by Overcoming Their Self-Serving Attributional Biases
The causal impact of attributions on academic performance was examined by changing low-scoring students' attributions regarding their poor performances. Initially, when students who were failing a college course identified the cause of the performance, they emphasized external, uncontrollable causes. Because these self-serving attributions could have perpetuated poor performance on subsequent e...
متن کاملIdeological and Attributional Boundaries on Public Compassion: Reactions to Individuals and Communities Affected by a Natural Disaster
The present study explored whether ideologically based attributions for why people need public assistance (a) emerge even in the context of an external-uncontrollable cause of need; (b) generalize across different levels of analysis, for example, across different forms of assistance, as well as across different types of claimants (individuals or groups); and explored (c) the role of promised re...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Personality & social psychology bulletin
دوره 31 7 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2005